Updated on July 10, 2024
4 min read

Hydrocodone vs. Oxycodone: What’s the Difference?

Key Takeaways

Hydrocodone and oxycodone are opioids, which means they work by blocking pain signals in the brain and spinal cord.

They can be very effective for moderate to severe pain. However, both medications can be addictive and should be used exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Serious side effects like slowed breathing can occur if taken incorrectly.

In this article, we’ll discuss the similarities and differences between hydrocodone and oxycodone to give a better understanding of what might be more suitable for you. Still, it’s important to consult your doctor before taking any of these medications.

Hydrocodone vs. Oxycodone: Key Differences

We created a table comparing hydrocodone and oxycodone:

HydrocodoneOxycodone
PotencyLess potent; 7.5 mg ≈ 5 mg of oxycodoneMore potent; 5 mg ≈ 7.5 mg of hydrocodone
Side EffectsDrowsiness, constipation, nausea; more associated with tirednessMore likely to cause drowsiness and constipation
FormulationsOften combined with acetaminophenAvailable in both combination (e.g., with acetaminophen) and single-ingredient formulations
Duration of ActionImmediate-release formulationsExtended-release (e.g., OxyContin) provides longer-lasting pain relief
Potential for AbuseHigh potential for abuse and addictionSlightly higher abuse liability compared to hydrocodone
Prescription ratesHistorically more frequently prescribed in the USPrescription rates have decreased due to opioid abuse concerns

Both hydrocodone and oxycodone are powerful opioids that should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Always follow your doctor’s instructions and never adjust your dosage without consulting a healthcare provider.

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How to Choose Between Hydrocodone and Oxycodone

When choosing between hydrocodone and oxycodone for pain management, it’s important to emphasize that this decision should be made in consultation with a qualified healthcare provider.

Your doctor is your partner in pain relief. They can assess the type and severity of your pain and recommend the most suitable medication.

Your medical history and current conditions are crucial factors in choosing the safest option. These allow your doctor to consider potential side effects and drug interactions, and regular check-ups with them help ensure the medication is effective.

What Do Doctors Consider When Prescribing Hydrocodone or Oxycodone?

When determining whether to prescribe hydrocodone or oxycodone, doctors take into account several factors:

  • Pain severity: Oxycodone is generally considered more potent than hydrocodone, so it may be preferred for more severe pain.
  • Medical history: The person’s overall health, any pre-existing conditions, and history of substance abuse are important considerations.
  • Potential side effects: While both medications can cause similar side effects, some people may tolerate one better than the other.
  • Time of effectiveness: Extended-release forms of oxycodone can provide longer-lasting pain relief compared to immediate-release hydrocodone formulations.
  • Individual response: Some people may respond better to one medication over the other.

Important Safety Considerations for Both Medications

Hydrocodone and oxycodone are strong medications for pain, but they can also cause side effects and be addictive. Your doctor needs to carefully consider these risks before prescribing them.

Since these medications affect people differently, there’s no single best choice. Your doctor will pick the one that works best for you and your specific pain.

Here are some other things we strongly recommend keeping in mind:

  • See your doctor regularly to make sure the medication is working and to avoid any problems.
  • Always take these medications exactly as prescribed.
  • Never take more or less than your doctor tells you.
  • Don’t switch medications without talking to your doctor first.

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Hydrocodone or Oxycodone Addiction and Dependence

Hydrocodone and oxycodone both carry significant risks of addiction and dependence. They’re powerful opioids with a high potential for physical and psychological dependence, classified as Schedule II controlled substances.

Even when taken as prescribed, people can develop dependence on these medications in a short period of time.

Signs of Dependence and Addiction

Some signs to watch out for include:

  • Building tolerance, which means needing higher doses to get the same effects
  • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when stopping use, like intense cravings, gastrointestinal issues, sleep problems, runny nose, chills, sweating
  • Taking the medication more frequently or in larger doses than prescribed
  • “Doctor shopping” to obtain multiple prescriptions
  • Mood swings, alternating between euphoria and fatigue/depression
  • Inability to stop using despite wanting to
  • Spending excessive time obtaining or thinking about the drug
  • Neglecting responsibilities and relationships due to drug use
  • Continuing use despite negative consequences

Resources for Help and Support

If you observe potential hydrocodone or oxycodone addiction, here are some resources for help and support to begin with:

  • SAMHSA’s National Helpline: Contact 1-800-662-HELP (4357) for free, confidential treatment referral and information service
  • FindTreatment.gov: Locator for substance use treatment facilities 
  • Buprenorphine practitioner & treatment program locator: Find providers authorized to treat opioid addiction
  • Local support groups: This includes groups like Narcotics Anonymous
  • Professional addiction treatment centers: They offer detox, therapy, and medication-assisted treatment

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Updated on July 10, 2024

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